Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DM4ES8F)

• Drug Name: Penbutolol
• Synonyms: Betapressin; Levatol; Levatolol; Levopenbutol; Lobeta; Paginol; Penbutololum; PENBUTOLOL SULFATE; HOE 893; HOE 893d; Betapressin (TN); Hostabloc (TN); L-Penbutolol; Levatol (TN); Levatolol (TN); Lobeta (TN); Paginol (TN); Penbutolol (INN); Penbutolol [INN:BAN]; Penbutololum [INN-Latin]; Penbutolol Sulfate (2:1); S(-)-Penbutolol; (-)-Penbutolol; (2S)-1-(tert-butylamino)-3-(2-cyclopentylphenoxy)propan-2-ol; 1-(tert-Butylamino)-3-(o-cyclopentylphenoxy)propan-2-ol

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Hypertension	BA00-BA04	Approved	[1], [2], [3]

• Therapeutic Class: Antihypertensive Agents
• Drug Type: Small molecular drug
• #Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0:
  Molecular Weight (mw); 291.4
  Topological Polar Surface Area (xlogp); 4.2
  Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds); 7
  Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor); 2
  Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc); 3
• ADMET Property:
  Absorption: The absorption of drug is more than 92% [4]
  BDDCS Class: Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 2: low solubility and high permeability [5]
  Bioavailability: 93% of drug becomes completely available to its intended biological destination(s) [6]
  Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 20 hours (in healthy persons), 25 hours (in healthy elderly persons), and 100 hours (in patients on renal dialysis) [7]
  Metabolism: The drug is metabolized via the liver [4]
  MRTD: The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 3.9214 micromolar/kg/day [8]
• Chemical Identifiers:
  Formula: C18H29NO2
  IUPAC Name: (2S)-1-(tert-butylamino)-3-(2-cyclopentylphenoxy)propan-2-ol
  Canonical SMILES: CC(C)(C)NC[C@@H](COC1=CC=CC=C1C2CCCC2)O
  InChI: InChI=1S/C18H29NO2/c1-18(2,3)19-12-15(20)13-21-17-11-7-6-10-16(17)14-8-4-5-9-14/h6-7,10-11,14-15,19-20H,4-5,8-9,12-13H2,1-3H3/t15-/m0/s1
  InChIKey: KQXKVJAGOJTNJS-HNNXBMFYSA-N
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 37464
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:7954
  CAS Number: 38363-40-5
  DrugBank ID: DB01359
  TTD ID: D0W8SB
  INTEDE ID: DR1249
  ACDINA ID: D00513

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Adrenergic receptor beta-1 (ADRB1)	TTR6W5O	ADRB1_HUMAN	Antagonist	[9], [10]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) Main DME	DECB0K3	CP2D6_HUMAN	Substrate	[11]

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Same Disease as Penbutolol

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Disease	REF
Levamlodipine	DM92S6N	Moderate	Increased risk of cardiac depression by the combination of Penbutolol and Levamlodipine.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[30]
Clevidipine butyrate	DMW4M97	Moderate	Increased risk of cardiac depression by the combination of Penbutolol and Clevidipine butyrate.	Hypertension [BA00-BA04]	[30]

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Penbutolol (Comorbidity)

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Comorbidity	REF
Cariprazine	DMJYDVK	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Penbutolol and Cariprazine.	Bipolar disorder [6A60]	[31]
Atracurium	DM42HXN	Moderate	Additive neuromuscular blocking effects by the combination of Penbutolol and Atracurium.	Corneal disease [9A76-9A78]	[32]
Pasireotide	DMHM7JS	Moderate	Increased risk of atrioventricular block by the combination of Penbutolol and Pasireotide.	Cushing syndrome [5A70]	[33]
OPC-34712	DMHG57U	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Penbutolol and OPC-34712.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[31]
Mepenzolate	DM8YU2F	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Penbutolol when combined with Mepenzolate.	Digestive system disease [DE2Z]	[34]
Belladonna	DM2RBWK	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Penbutolol when combined with Belladonna.	Infectious gastroenteritis/colitis [1A40]	[35]
ITI-007	DMUQ1DO	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Penbutolol and ITI-007.	Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z]	[31]
Lanthanum carbonate	DMMJQSH	Moderate	Decreased absorption of Penbutolol due to formation of complexes caused by Lanthanum carbonate.	Mineral absorption/transport disorder [5C64]	[33]
Siponimod	DM2R86O	Major	Increased risk of bradycardia by the combination of Penbutolol and Siponimod.	Multiple sclerosis [8A40]	[36]
Fingolimod	DM5JVAN	Major	Increased risk of bradycardia by the combination of Penbutolol and Fingolimod.	Multiple sclerosis [8A40]	[37]
Ozanimod	DMT6AM2	Moderate	Increased risk of bradycardia by the combination of Penbutolol and Ozanimod.	Multiple sclerosis [8A40]	[38]
Methylscopolamine	DM5VWOB	Moderate	Antagonize the effect of Penbutolol when combined with Methylscopolamine.	Peptic ulcer [DA61]	[35]
Silodosin	DMJSBT6	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Penbutolol and Silodosin.	Prostate hyperplasia [GA90]	[39]
Iloperidone	DM6AUFY	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Penbutolol and Iloperidone.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[31]
Molindone	DMAH70G	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Penbutolol and Molindone.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[31]
Thiothixene	DMDINC4	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Penbutolol and Thiothixene.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[31]
Amisulpride	DMSJVAM	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Penbutolol and Amisulpride.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[31]
Asenapine	DMSQZE2	Moderate	Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Penbutolol and Asenapine.	Schizophrenia [6A20]	[31]

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG

DIG Name	DIG ID	PubChem CID	Functional Classification
Quinoline yellow WS	E00309	24671	Colorant
Simethicone	E00575	6433516	Antifoaming agent; Diluent; Water-repelling agent
Beta-D-lactose	E00099	6134	Diluent; Dry powder inhaler carrier; Lyophilization aid
Ferric oxide black	E00522	16211978	Colorant
Ferrosoferric oxide	E00231	14789	Colorant
Hypromellose	E00634	Not Available	Coating agent
Magnesium stearate	E00208	11177	lubricant
Povidone	E00667	Not Available	Binding agent; Coating agent; Disintegrant; Film/membrane-forming agent; Solubilizing agent; Suspending agent
Silicon dioxide	E00670	Not Available	Anticaking agent; Opacifying agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Talc	E00520	16211421	Anticaking agent; Diluent; Glidant; lubricant
Titanium dioxide	E00322	26042	Coating agent; Colorant; Opacifying agent
Pregelatinized starch	E00674	Not Available	Binding agent; Diluent; Disintegrant

Pharmaceutical Formulation

Formulation Name	Drug Dosage	Dosage Form	Route
Penbutolol 20 mg tablet	20 mg	Oral Tablet	Oral
Penbutolol Sulfate 10mg tablet	10mg	Tablet	Oral

Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

References

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